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Staff Profile

Professor Patrick Degenaar

Professor of Neuroprosthetics

  • Personal Website:
  • Address: E4.09
    Electrical and Electronic Engineering
    School of Engineering
    Merz Court
    缅北禁地
    缅北禁地 Upon Tyne
    NE1 7RU, UK
Background

My objectives:

I am a Professor of Neuroprosthetic Engineering at 缅北禁地, working at the interface of bioelectronics, neural engineering, and translational neuroscience. My research focuses on the development of high-resolution neuroprosthetic systems, with a particular emphasis on restoring vision through cortical and retinal implants.


My work integrates semiconductor device engineering, biophysics, and neural systems to enable a new class of optoelectronic neural interfaces. In particular, I have pioneered the use of CMOS micro-LED technologies combined with optogenetic gene therapies to achieve spatially precise, cell-targeted neural stimulation. This approach provides a route to significantly higher resolution and selectivity than conventional electrical stimulation, and underpins emerging paradigms in visual prosthetics and bioelectronic medicine.


Since 2005, I have contributed to and led research programmes with a combined value exceeding £20M. I coordinated the €2M FP7 OptoNeuro project (2010–2014), one of the early large-scale European efforts in optogenetic neural stimulation for retinal prosthesis. I subsequently served as engineering lead on the £10M CANDO programme (2014–2022), developing next-generation implantable systems for epilepsy. I am currently a co-investigator on the Glutronics consortium (EPSRC), targeting implantable neuromodulation platforms.



Community contributions:

  • I hold an editor role for the MDPI Prosthesis journal and regularly review for many different journals and funding agencies.
  • I am the research director for the EEE discipline at 缅北禁地
  • I am part of the steering committee for the 缅北禁地 Centres of Excellence in both Biomedical engineering and Neuroscience.
  • I am leading efforts at exploring how AI is impacting our teaching and research – giving regularly bi-monthly lectures to staff and students here in 缅北禁地



Who am I?

I came to 缅北禁地 in 2010 to develop world class collaborations between Electrical and Electronic Engineering at 缅北禁地 and the Institute of Neuroscience. I have a BSc (1st class) and MRes in Applied Physics from Liverpool University, and a PhD in Bioimaging from the Japan Advanced Institute for Science and Technology. After some time in the software industry, I did two post-doctoral projects at Imperial College before getting an RCUK fellowship in 2005. From 2005-2010 I was a lecturer and then senior lecturer at Imperial College, before coming to 缅北禁地, where I was promoted to reader, and then to full professor in 2019.

  • My research page can be found here:
  • My google scholar profile can be found 
  • My Scopus details can be found 


Qualifications

Certificate of Teaching and Learning - Imperial College, UK

PhD Bioelectronics and bioimaging - JAIST, Japan

MRes Surface Science - Liverpool University, UK

BSc Applied Physics (1st Class) - Liverpool University, UK


Previous Positions

2012-2019 Reader in Biomedical Engineering – 缅北禁地

2010-2012 Senior Lecturer in Biomedical Engineering – 缅北禁地

2009-2010 Senior Lecturer in Neurobionics - Imperial College, London

2005-2009 Lecturer in Neurobionics - Imperial College, London

2002-2005 Post-doc - Imperial College, London

2001-2001 Software Engineer, Network Associates, Amsterdam


Memberships

IEEE, IOP, ARVO, SPIE, BioCAS



Research

Links:

I am a member of the  

My personal site is here:

My Google Scholar profile can be found 



Degenaar Lab research:

My research focuses on the development of next-generation neuroprosthetic systems for restoring and modulating neural function. This spans visual prostheses, cortical interfaces, and implantable neuromodulation systems for neurological disorders.


A central theme of my work is the integration of optogenetics with advanced semiconductor technologies. I have developed CMOS-based micro-LED neural interfaces capable of delivering spatially structured optical stimulation at high resolution. These systems enable cell-type-specific activation when combined with optogenetic gene therapies, providing a fundamental advance over conventional electrical stimulation approaches, which are limited by current spread and poor selectivity. This work has led to three primary research directions:


1. High-resolution visual prostheses

Development of retinal and cortical prosthetic systems capable of restoring functional vision. This includes both subretinal approaches and visual cortex implants, targeting improved spatial resolution and information encoding.


2. Optoelectronic neural interfaces

Design and fabrication of implantable CMOS-based devices integrating micro-LED arrays, drive electronics, and neural interfaces. These systems address key challenges in power delivery, thermal management, and biocompatibility.


3. Closed-loop neuromodulation systems

Development of implantable systems for neurological disorders such as epilepsy, incorporating sensing, stimulation, and adaptive control. This includes work on next-generation “neural pacemakers” capable of dynamic intervention.

My research is inherently interdisciplinary, combining microfabrication, circuit design, computational modelling, and experimental neuroscience. It is conducted in close collaboration with clinicians and neuroscientists, enabling translation from device concepts to preclinical and early clinical evaluation. As such, I have also explored other research areas from fundamental biophysics to assistive devices and translational AI.


I have secured funding from UK Research Councils, the European Commission, charities, and industry. These include (many thanks to the funders):

  • 2025-2028 Revican Staff exchange (EU)
  • 2025-2026 New paths for visual prosthesis (Fight for Sight)
  • 2025-2025 Zakarian fellowship (as host, Fight for sight)
  • 2025-2028 Glutronics (EPSRC)
  • 2022-2023 Symbiotic intrabody Networks (EPSRC)
  • 2022-2025 Wolfson Equipment grant (Wolfson Trust)
  • 2021-2022 Microbritt startup fund (Innovate UK)
  • 2020-2020 Hybrid Micromachining (Northern Accerlerator)
  • 2016-2018 Haptic Vision - Braille for the 21st Century, British Council
  • 2014-2022 CANDO Epilepsy project (EPSRC/Wellcome Trust 102037/Z/13/Z)
  • 2013-2013 Eyewriter translational project (MND Society)
  • 2013-2015 Augmented Vision for Visually Impaired (Macular Society/缅北禁地 BMRC)
  • 2013-2014 Restoration of Neural System Function (eFuturesXD)
  • 2013 (Jan) Equipment fund (EPSRC/University)
  • 2012-2013 Neurotechnology Sandpit (EPSRC K50340X)
  • 2011-2012 Commercialising a optoelectronic neural stimulatoralising a optoelectronic neural stimulator (KTA)
  • 2011-2011 Song of the Machine (Human Plus)
  • 2010-2013 OptoNeuro: Platform for Optogenetic Neural stimulation  (EC FP7 249867) 
  • 2008-2011 Enhancing ChR2 neural kinetics (BBSRC F021127) 
  • 2010-2011 Motor Neurone prosthesis (Thierri Latran) 
  • 2010-2013 Electronic visual aids for the visually impaired (Imperial BMRC)
  • 2008-2011 Retinal Prosthetics (EPSRC F029241) 
  • 2006-2007 Augmented Vision for the visually impaired (Royal Society)
  • 2005-2007 Optogenetic Retinal Prosthesis. (Adv Nanotech)
  • 2005-2010 RCUK Fellowship (RCUK – now UKRI)







Teaching

My teaching integrates advanced research in (biomedical) engineering with training in core engineering principles, with a particular emphasis on interdisciplinary problem-solving and translational thinking.

At postgraduate level, I contribute to modules including:

  • MMB8019 – Sensory Systems and Neuroimaging
  • EEE8165 – MSc Core Skills (Ethics and AI Tools)

These modules reflect my broader interest in the convergence of neuroscience, engineering, and artificial intelligence, and aim to equip students with both technical expertise and critical awareness of emerging technologies.


I supervise undergraduate and MSc projects across Electronic Engineering, Microelectronics, and Embedded Systems programmes. Project topics are typically aligned with ongoing research in bioelectronics and neuroprosthetics, including implantable systems, biomedical signal processing, neural interfaces, and closed-loop control. I encourage students to define their own project directions where possible, particularly in biomedical applications, to promote independent thinking and innovation.


At doctoral level, I supervise PhD students working on neuroprosthetic systems, optoelectronic interfaces, and implantable devices. My group typically recruits up to two PhD students per year through Centres for Doctoral Training, competitive scholarships, and industrial partnerships. Students are embedded within a multidisciplinary research environment spanning engineering, neuroscience, and clinical collaboration.

In addition to formal teaching, I lead initiatives exploring the impact of artificial intelligence on engineering education. This includes regular seminars and workshops for staff and students, addressing both opportunities and risks associated with AI-assisted learning and research.


Publications

  • Articles

    • Ma C, Gibson E, Di Lorenzo M, Degenaar P. . Prosthesis 2025, 7(6), 136.
    • Satpute V, Huo D, Hedley J, Degenaar P, Dale C. . Nanotechnology and Precision Engineering 2025, 8(3), 033007.
    • Ramezani R, Soltan A, Yuan P, Firfilionis D, Donaldson N, Degenaar P. . IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering 2025, epub ahead of print.
    • Dong N, Johnson E, Berlinguer-Palmini R, Zhong H, Dekhoda F, Soltan A, Nikolic K, Grossman N, Gausden J, Bailey R, O'Neill A, Jackson A, Trevelyan A, Degenaar P, Sun X. . IEEE Access 2024, 12, 129160-129172.
    • Zaaimi B, Turnbull M, Hazra A, Wang Y, Gandara C, McLeod F, McDermott EE, Escobedo-Cousin E, Idil AS, Bailey RG, Tardio S, Patel A, Ponon N, Gausden J, Walsh D, Hutchings F, Kaiser M, Cunningham MO, Clowry GJ, LeBeau FEN, Constandinou TG, Baker SN, Donaldson N, Degenaar P, O'Neill A, Trevelyan AJ, Jackson A. . Nature Biomedical Engineering 2023, 7, 559-575.
    • Walton F, McGlynn E, Das R, Zhong H, Heidari H, Degenaar P. . Advanced Intelligent Systems 2022, 4(3), 2100082.
    • Firfilionis D, Hutchings F, Tamadoni R, Walsh D, Turnbull M, Escobedo-Cousin E, Bailey RG, Gausden J, Patel A, Haci D, Liu Y, LeBeau FEN, Trevelyan A, Constandinou TG, O'Neill A, Kaiser M, Degenaar P, Jackson A. . Frontiers in Neuroscience 2021, 15, 718311.
    • Jaafar B, Luo JW, Firfilionis D, Soltan A, Neasham J, Degenaar P. . Sensors 2020, 20(1), 31.
    • Luo J, Firflionis D, Turnbull M, Xu W, Walsh D, Escobedo-Cousin E, Soltan A, Ramezani R, Liu Y, Bailey R, O'Neill A, Shah Idil A, Donaldson N, Constandinou T, Jackson A, Degenaar P. . IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering 2020, 67(11), 3004-3015.
    • Alameer A, Degenaar P, Nazarpour K. . Journal of Visual Communication and Image Representation 2020, 66, 102698.
    • Freitas L, Scott III WE, Degenaar P. . Science of Computer Programming 2020, 200, 102545.
    • Vuong QC, Shaaban AM, Black C, Smith J, Nassar M, Abozied A, Degenaar P, Al-Atabany W. . Frontiers in Neuroscience 2020, 14, 548030.
    • Hou Z, Al-Atabany W, Farag R, Vuong QC, Mokhov A, Degenaar P. . Journal of Neural Engineering 2020, 17(5), 055001.
    • Choong ZJ, Huo D, Ponon N, Savidis R, Degenaar P, O'Neill A. . Materials Science and Engineering C 2020, 110, 110737.
    • Choong ZJ, Huo D, Degenaar P, O'Neill A. . Journal of Manufacturing Processes 2019, 38, 93-103.
    • Choong ZJ, Huo D, Degenaar P, O'Neill A. . Applied Surface Science 2019, 486, 166-178.
    • Petkos K, Koutsoftidis S, Guiho T, Degenaar P, Jackson A, Greenwald SE, Brown P, Denison T, Drakakis EM. . Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation 2019, 16(1), 156.
    • Dehkhoda F, Soltan A, Ponon N, O'Neill A, Jackson A, Degenaar P. . BioMedical Engineering Online 2019, 18(1), 117.
    • Al-Atabany W, Al-Yaman M, Degenaar P. . Journal of Healthcare Engineering 2018, 2018, 3493826.
    • Dehkhoda F, Soltan A, Ponon N, Jackson A, ONeill A, Degenaar P. . Journal of Neural Engineering 2018, 15(2), 026012.
    • Dong N, Berlinguer-Palmini R, Soltan A, Ponon N, O'Neil A, Travelyan A, Maaskant P, Degenaar P, Sun X. . Journal of Biophotonics 2018, 11(10), e201700358.
    • Ramezani R, Liu Y, Dekhoda F, Soltan A, Haci D, Zhao H, Firfilionis D, Hazra A, Cunningham M, Jackson A, Constandinou T, Degenaar P. . IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems 2018, 12(3), 576-588.
    • Zhao Hubin, Soltan Ahmed, Maaskant Pleun, Dong Na, Sun Xiaohan, Degenaar Patrick. . IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I - Regular papers 2018, 65(8), 2431-2442.
    • Soltan A, Barrett J, Maaskant P, Chaudet L, Al-Atabany W, Akhter M, Armstrong N, Corbett B, Neil M, Sernagor E, Degenaar P. . Journal of Neural Engineering 2018, 15(6), 065002.
    • Luo J, Nikolic K, Evans B, Dong N, Sun X, Andras P, Yakovlev A, Degenaar P. . IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems 2017, 11(1), 15-27.
    • Soltan A, McGovern B, Drakakis E, Neil M, Maaskant P, Akhter M, Lee JS, Degenaar P. . IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems 2017, 11(2), 347-359.
    • Ghazaei G, Alameer A, Degenaar P, Morgan G, Nazarpour K. . Journal of Neural Engineering 2017, 14(3), 036025.
    • Luo JW, Coapes G, Mak T, Yamazaki T, Tin C, Degenaar P. . IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems 2016, 10(3), 742-753.
    • Alameer A, Ghazaei G, Degenaar P, Chambers JA, Nazarpour K. . IEEE Signal Processing Letters 2016, 28(8), 1062-1066.
    • Choong Z, Huo D, Degenaar P, O'Neill A. . Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineering. Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture 2016, 230(9), 1756-1764.
    • Huo DH, Lin C, Choong Z, Pancholi K, Degenaar P. . International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 2015, 81(5-8), 1319-1331.
    • Barrett JM, Degenaar P, Sernagor E. . Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience 2015, 9, 330.
    • Barrett John, Berlinguer-Palmini Rolando, Degenaar Patrick. . Visual Neuroscience 2014, 31(4-5), 345-354.
    • Berlinguer-Palmini R, Narducci R, Merhan K, Dilaghi A, Moroni F, Masi A, Scartabelli T, Landucci E, Sili M, Schettini A, McGovern B, Maskaant P, Degenaar P, Mannaioni G. . PLoS One 2014, 9(9), 7.
    • Kardoulaki EM, Glaros KN, Degenaar P, Katsiamis AG, Ip HMD, Drakakis EM. . Microelectronics Journal 2013, 44(12), 1268-1277.
    • Parittotokkaporn T, Thomas DGT, Schneider A, Huq E, Davies BL, Degenaar P, Rodriguez-y-Baena F. . World Neurosurgery 2012, 77(3-4), 569-576.
    • Nam S, Kim H, Degenaar P, Ha CS, Kim Y. . Applied Physics Letters 2012, 101, 223701.
    • Grossman N, Nikolic K, Toumazou C, Degenaar P. . IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering 2011, 58(6), 1742-1751.
    • Al-Atabany W, McGovern B, Mehran K, Berlinguer-Palmini R, Degenaar P. . IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering 2011, 60(3), 781-791.
    • Grossman N, Poher V, Grubb MS, Kennedy GT, Nikolic K, McGovern B, Palmini RB, Gong Z, Drakakis EM, Neil MAA, Dawson MD, Burrone J, Degenaar P. . Journal of Neural Engineering 2010, 7(1), 016004.
    • Al-Atabany W, Tong T, Degenaar P. . BioMedical Engineering OnLine 2010, 9, 52.
    • Al-Atabany WI, Memon MA, Downes SM, Degenaar PA. . BioMedical Engineering Online 2010, 9, 27.
    • Nikolic K, Loizu J, Degenaar P, Toumazou C. . Integrative Biology 2010, 2, 354-370.
    • McGovern B, Palmini RB, Grossman N, Drakakis E, Poher V, Neil MAA, Degenaar P. . IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems 2010, 4(6, part 2), 469-476.
    • Nikolic K, Grossman N, Grubb MS, Burrone J, Toumazou C, Degenaar P. . Photochemistry and Photobiology 2009, 85(1), 400-411.
    • Degenaar P, Grossman N, Memon MA, Burrone J, Dawson M, Drakakis E, Neil M, Nikolic K. . Journal of Neural Engineering 2009, 6(3), 035007.
    • Kim H, Degenaar P, Kim Y. . Journal of Physical Chemistry C 2009, 113(32), 14377-14380.
    • Degenaar P. . Cell Science Reviews 2009, 6(1), 1-13.
    • Huang Y, Drakakis EM, Degenaar P, Toumazou C. . Microelectronics Journal 2009, 40(8), 1202-1211.
    • Chen LC, Degenaar P, Bradley DDC. . Advanced Materials 2008, 20(9), 1679-1683.
    • Nikolic K, Loizu J, Degenaar P, Toumazou C. . Journal of Computational Electronics 2008, 7(3), 458-461.
    • Poher V, Grossman N, Kennedy GT, Nikolic K, Zhang HX, Gong Z, Drakakis EM, Gu E, Dawson MD, French PMW, Degenaar P, Neil MAA. . Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 2008, 41(9), 094014.
    • Banks DJ, Degenaar P, Toumazou C. . Electronics Letters 2007, 43(13), 704-706.
    • Degenaar P, Constandinou TG, Toumazou C. . Electronics Letters 2006, 42(4), 196-198.
    • Banks DJ, Degenaar P, Toumazou C. . Electronics Letters 2005, 41(22), 1201-1202.
    • Akagi Y, Hashigasako A, Degenaar P, Iwabuchi S, Hasan Q, Morita Y, Tamiya E. . Journal of Biochemistry 2003, 134(3), 353-358.
    • Griscom L, Degenaar P, Le Pioufle B, Tamiya E, Fujita H. . Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical 2002, 83(1-3), 15-21.
    • Griscom L, Degenaar P, Le Pioufle B, Tamiya E, Fujita H. . Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 2001, 40(9A), 5485-5490.
    • Degenaar P, Le Pioufle B, Griscom L, Tixier A, Akagi Y, Morita Y, Murakami Y, Yokoyama K, Fujita H, Tamiya E. . Journal of Biochemistry 2001, 130(3), 367-376.

  • Book Chapters

    • Degenaar P. . In: CMOS Circuits for Biological Sensing and Processing. Cham, Switzerland: Springer International Publishing, 2017, pp.233-258.
    • Degenaar P, Nikolic K, Banks D, Chen L. . In: Bharath, Anil and Petrou, Maria, ed. Next Generation Artificial Vision Systems: Reverse Engineering the Human Visual System. Boston: Artech House, 2008.
    • Degenaar P, Banks D. . In: Bharath, Anil and Petrou, Maria, ed. Next Generation Artificial Vision Systems: Reverse Engineering the Human Visual System. Boston: Artech House, 2008, pp.289-333.
    • Degenaar P, Tamiya E. . In: Fujita, Hiroyuki, ed. Micromachines as Tools for Nanotechnology. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 2003, pp.83-120.
    • Yanagida T, Tamiya E, Muramatsu H, Degenaar P, Ishii Y, Sako Y, Saito K, Ohta-Iino S, Ogawa S, Marriott G, Kusumi A, Tatsumi H. . In: Kawata, S; Ohtsu, M; Irie, M, ed. Nano-Optics. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 2002, pp.191-236.

  • Conference Proceedings (inc. Abstracts)

    • Abdo EA, Yakovlev A, Degenaar P. . In: IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium (SAS 2025). 2025, 缅北禁地, United Kingdom: IEEE.
    • Alameer A, Degenaar P, Nazarpour K. . In: Advances in Computer Vision: Proceedings of the 2019 Computer Vision Conference (CVC 2019). 2019, Las Vegas, USA: Springer, Cham.
    • Jaafar B, Neasham J, Chester G, Degenaar P. . In: IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS 2017). 2018, Turin, Italy: IEEE.
    • Luo JW, Firfilionis D, Ramezani R, Dehkhoda F, Soltan A, Degenaar P, Liu Y, Constandinou T. . In: 2017 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference, (BioCAS 2017). 2018, Turin, Italy: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
    • Soltan A, Xia L, Jackson A, Chester G, Degenaar P. . In: Proceedings of 4th IEEE International Conference on Applied System Innovation 2018, ICASI 2018. 2018, Chiba, Japan: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
    • Xia L, Soltan A, Luo J, Chester G, Degenaar P. . In: 2018 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS). 2018, Florence, Italy: IEEE.
    • Ghazaei G, Degenaar P, Nazarpour K. . In: MEC: Myoelectric Controls Symposium. 2017. 2017, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada: University of New Brunswick.
    • Alameer A, Degenaar P, Nazarpour K. . In: 2017 IEEE International Conference on INnovations in Intelligent SysTems and Applications, INISTA 2017. 2017, Gdynia, Poland: IEEE.
    • Choong ZJ, Huo D, Degenaar P, O'Neill A. . In: 17th International Conference of the European Society for Precision Engineering and Nanotechnology, EUSPEN 2017. 2017, Hannover, Germany: euspen.
    • Dehkhoda F, Soltan A, Ponon N, O'Neill A, Degenaar P. . In: 13th IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS 2017). 2017, Torino, Italy: IEEE.
    • Soltan A, Passetti G, Maaskant P, Degenaar P. . In: 2016 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS 2016). 2017, Shanghai, China: IEEE.
    • Ramezani R, Dehkhoda F, Soltan A, Degenaar P, Liu Y, Constandinou T. . In: 2016 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS). 2017, Shanghai: IEEE.
    • Xia L, Fattah N, Soltan A, Jackson A, Chester G, Degenaar P. . In: 39th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC). 2017, Seogwipo, South Korea: IEEE.
    • Choong ZJ, Huo D, Degenaar P, O'Neill A. . In: ASME 2016 11th International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. 2016, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA: American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
    • Choong ZJ, Huo D, Degenaar P, O'neill A. . In: 16th International Conference of the European Society for Precision Engineering and Nanotechnology (EUSPEN 2016). 2016, Nottingham, UK: EUSPEN.
    • Dehkhoda F, Soltan A, Ramezani R, Degenaar P. . In: 2016 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS). 2016, Shanghai: IEEE.
    • Alameer A, Degenaar P, Nazarpour K. . In: International Conference for Students on Applied Engineering (ISCAE). 2016, 缅北禁地 upon Tyne, UK: IEEE.
    • Ogweno A, Degenaar P, Khomenko V, Yakovlev A. . In: 2016 14th IEEE International New Circuits and Systems Conference (NEWCAS). 2016, Vancouver, BC, Canada: IEEE.
    • Fattah N, Laha S, Sokolov D, Chester G, Degenaar P. . In: 2015 37th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC). 2015, Milan: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers.
    • Dehkhoda F, Soltan A, Ramezani R, Zhao H, Liu Y, Constandinou T, Degenaar P. . In: 2015 IEEE Sensors. 2015, Busan, South Korea: IEEE.
    • Ogweno A, Yakovlev A, Degenaar P. . In: 11th Conference on Ph.D. Research in Microelectronics and Electronics (PRIME) 2015. 2015, Glasgow, UK: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers.
    • Dong N, Jiang W, Degenaar P, Sun X. . In: Optics and the Brain 2015. 2015, Vancouver, BC, Canada: The Optical Society.
    • Shi Y, Huo D, Zhao Y, Al-Shibaany ZYA, Hedley J. . In: 15th International Conference of the European Society for Precision Engineering and Nanotechnology, EUSPEN 2015. 2015, Leuven, Belgium: euspen.
    • Ghazaei G, Alameer A, Degenaar P, Morgan G, Nazarpour K. . In: 2nd IET International Conference on Intelligent Signal Processing 2015 (ISP). 2015, London, UK: Institution of Engineering and Technology.
    • Alameer A, Ghazaei G, Degenaar P, Nazarpour K. . In: 2nd IET International Conference on Intelligent Signal Processing 2015 (ISP). 2015, London, UK: Institution of Engineering and Technology.
    • Akhter M, Lee JS, Maaskant PP, Rensing M, Nudds N, O'Brien P, Degenaar P, Corbett B. . In: 2015 European Microelectronics Packaging Conference (EMPC). 2015, Friedrichshafen, Germany: IEEE.
    • Akhter M, Lee JS, Maaskant PP, Rensing M, Nudds N, O'Brien P, Degenaar P, Corbett B. . In: 20th European Microelectronics and Packaging Conference and Exhibition: Enabling Technologies for a Better Life and Future, EMPC 2015. 2015, Friedrichshafen, Germany: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
    • Zhao H, Dehkhoda F, Ramezani R, Sokolov D, Degenaar P. . In: 2015 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS). 2015, Atlanta, Georgia, USA: IEEE.
    • Al Yaman M, Al-Atabany W, Bystrov A, Degenaar P. . In: 36th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC). 2014, Chicago, Illinois, USA: IEEE.
    • Zhao H, Sokolov D, Degenaar P. . In: IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference, (BioCAS). 2014, Lausanne, Switzerland: IEEE.
    • Soltan A, Zhao HB, Chaudet L, Neil M, Maaskant P, Degenaar P. . In: 2014 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS). 2014, Lausanne, Switzerland: IEEE.
    • Luo JW, Coapes G, Mak T, Yamazaki T, Tin C, Degenaar P. . In: 36th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC). 2014, Chicago, IL, USA: IEEE.
    • Luo JW, Coapes G, Degenaar P, Yamazaki T, Mak T, Tin C. . In: 14th International Symposium on Integrated Circuits (ISIC). 2014, Singapore: IEEE.
    • Luo JW, Degenaar P, Coapes G, Yakovlev A, Mak T, Andras P. . In: 2013 IEEE International Sysmposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS). 2013, Beijing, China: IEEE.
    • Al-Yaman M, Ghani A, Bystrov A, Degenaar P, Maaskant P. . In: IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS). 2013, Rotterdam, The Netherlands: IEEE.
    • Al-Atabany W, Degenaar P. . In: Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS 2013). 2013, Rotterdam, Netherlands: IEEE.
    • Chaudet L, Neil M, Degenaar P, Mehran K, Berlinguer-Palmini R, Corbet B, Maaskant P, Rogerson D, Lanigan P, Bamberg E, Roska B. . In: Optogenetics: Optical Methods for Cellular Control. 2013, San Francisco, CA, USA: International Society for Optical Engineering.
    • Al-Atabany W, Degenaar P. . In: IEEE Conference on Biomedical Circuits and Systems. 2011, San Diego, California, USA: IEEE.
    • McGovern B, Drakakis EM, Neil N, O'Brian P, Corbett B, Berlinguer-Palmini R, Degenaar P. . In: IEEE Conference on Biomedical Circuits and Systems. 2011, San Diego, California, USA: IEEE.
    • Al-Atabany W, Memon M, Downes S, Degenaar P. . In: The Seventh IASTED International Conference on Biomedical Engineering (BioMed). 2010, Innsbruck, Austria: IASTED.
    • Parittotokkaporn T, Frasson L, Schneider A, Davies BL, Degenaar P, Rodriguez-y-Baena F. . In: IEEE International Conference of the Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC). 2010, Buenos Aires, Argentina: IEEE.
    • Degenaar P, McGovern B, Berlinguer-Palmini R, Vysokov N, Grossman N, Pohrer V, Drakakis E, Neil M. . In: IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS 2010). 2010, Paphos, Cyprus: IEEE.
    • Parittotokkaporn T, Frasson L, Schneider A, Huq SE, Davies BL, Degenaar P, Biesenack J, Rodriguez y Baena FM. . In: 2008 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics (ROBIO). 2009, Bangkok, Thailand: IEEE.
    • Grossman N, Nikolic K, Poher V, McGovern B, Drankasis E, Neil M, Toumazou C, Degenaar P. . In: 4th International IEEE/EMBS Conference on Neural Engineering (NER '09). 2009, Antalya, Turkey: IEEE.
    • Degenaar P, Grossman N, Berlinguer-Palmini R, McGovern B, Pohrer V, Drakakis E, Dawson M, Toumazou C, Burrone J, Nikolic K, Neil M. . In: IEEE Conference on Biomedical Circuits and Systems. BioCAS 2009. 2009, Beijing: IEEE Xplore.
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  • Review

    • Liu Y, Balsamo D, Degenaar P. . Flexible and Printed Electronics 2023, 8(1), 013002.