Comment: Liz Truss may not appoint an ethics adviser, does it matter? Published on: 31 August 2022 Writing for The Conversation, Martin Farr discusses the recent history of the role of the independent adviser on ministerial interests. , Liz Truss, who is likely to be prime minister next week, has indicated that she . She said she has 鈥渁lways 鈥�, so there is no need for an official to advise her. As with many other aspects of British politics, ethics advisers and the code they abide by do not exist as part of written law. The British constitution is essentially the compound of laws and conventions. It is famously unwritten, but only in the sense of there being no single codified document. In practice, it is 鈥渨ritten鈥� as ruling parties accept and observe conventions. These conventions may come about in reaction to wrongdoing and controversy. The role of ethics adviser exists because a in the early 1990s led then Prime Minister John Major to appoint the . The committee identified seven standards 鈥� selflessness, integrity, objectivity, accountability, openness, honesty and leadership 鈥� that the public should expect their ministers to abide by. These, known as the after the committee鈥檚 first chair, were enshrined in the . This code had existed , before being formalised in 1992 and published under its current title five years later. It is updated periodically by the prime minister of the day. The arrangements for who investigated breaches of the code of conduct were ad hoc, until, in 2006, then Prime Minister Tony Blair of the independent adviser on ministerial interests. The would be 鈥渁ble, at the prime minister鈥檚 request, to investigate alleged breaches of the ministerial code鈥�. The adviser would also publish an annual report. Ethical exits Of the four ethics advisers there have been, two have resigned under Boris Johnson. The first, appointed by Blair, was Sir John Bourn, who served until 2007. In July 2007, the new prime minister, Gordon Brown, appointed Sir Philip Mawer, who served until November 2011. Neither adviser faced any great tests of investigation, or of their authority. Mawer鈥檚 successor was Sir Alex Allan, appointed by David Cameron and remaining in post throughout Theresa May鈥檚 premiership. Johnson asked him to investigate the behaviour of Home Secretary Priti Patel, after her permanent secretary publicly resigned following . Allan that Patel 鈥渉as been in breach of the ministerial code鈥�. The prime minister , on November 20 2020, that in his judgment 鈥渢he ministerial code was not breached 鈥� and considers this matter now closed鈥�. Later that day, Allan resigned. Boris Johnson鈥檚 Downing Street exit was preceded by the resignation of both of his ethics advisers. After five months without an adviser, the prime minister appointed , former private secretary to the Queen. Johnson also 鈥溾�� the terms of reference, that rule-breaking ministers would not automatically be . Geidt鈥檚 tenure was marked by months of speculation as to whether he had been over the financing of the redecoration of the private quarters in 10 Downing Street. But it was over the government鈥檚 apparent willingness to that, in June 2022, Geidt resigned. Both advisers had been, in , 鈥渂ypassed鈥� by a prime minister who, according to , risked a 鈥渄eliberate and purposeful break of the ministerial code鈥�, leaving his ethics adviser in 鈥渁n impossible and odious position鈥�. Governing by convention The prime minister鈥檚 ethics adviser is a shining example of the peculiarly British way of governing, known to some as 鈥渕uddling through鈥�. That description was once a reflection of affection, (referring to the 1980s sitcom). But in an increasingly partisan and polarised era, it appears less benign. The ethics adviser is not independent, has no autonomy, and is not appointed through an open process. The practice is political. And as : 鈥淚t is the prime minister鈥檚 responsibility to set standards of behaviour.鈥� With her comments, Truss highlighted the essential anomaly: not only does the prime minister personally choose the official who advises them as to the integrity of their and their colleagues鈥� conduct, but for any investigation even to take place, the prime minister must approve it. And should that adviser resign because their advice was ignored, the prime minister can elect simply to not replace them. It鈥檚 been said that the British constitution is 鈥渨hat happens鈥�. It can also be what doesn鈥檛 happen. , Senior Lecturer in Contemporary British History, This article is republished from under a Creative Commons license. Read the . 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