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You might have been told that to get the most from seminars at university, you’ll need to participate actively. But it’s not always clear what ‘active participation’ actually means or looks like, and you might find yourself wondering how to ensure you’re contributing in a way that’s beneficial for your own learning and the rest of the group.

These resources provide a model for thinking about different types of participation in seminars, as well as some strategies for contributing effectively and managing unhelpful contributions.

To get a general overview of the different ways you might want to participate in seminars, check out the  and '' video below.

Check out the videos below to find out how to use the Speculating, Enabling and Challenging model in different scenarios: